ABSTRACT
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant stressors in Vietnamese adolescents' lives. Coping skills play important roles in helping adolescents contend with stress. This study aimed to evaluate adolescents' coping skills during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine how those skills are impacted by excessive internet use during this pandemic. Methods The study used respondent-driven sampling and Google online survey forms to collect data. The study sample included 5,315 high school students aged 11- 17 years in Hanoi's rural and urban areas. The Kid Coping Scale was applied to examine adolescents' coping, and the coping score was compared among adolescents with different levels of internet use. Results The average coping score measured by Kid Coping Scale was 20.40 (std = 2.13). About half of adolescents often “avoid the problem or the area where it happened” when experiencing a hard time. One-third of adolescents often stopped thinking about the problem they faced. More than one-fourth of respondents stayed online for at least 8 h per day. The online time for learning/other activities showed a reverse dose-response relationship with the coping score;the longer the internet use duration, the lower the coping score. Conclusion The mean score of coping of Hanoi adolescents was moderate. Internet use has an adverse impact on their coping skills.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may increase the risk of severe COVID-19; however, the level of potential modulation has not yet been established. The objective of the study was to determine the association between high risk of OSA, comorbidities, and increased risk for COVID-19, hospitalization, and intensive care unit (ICU) treatment. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional population-based web survey in adults in 14 countries/regions. The survey included sociodemographic variables and comorbidities. Participants were asked questions about COVID-19, hospitalization, and ICU treatment. Standardized questionnaire (STOP questionnaire for high risk of OSA) was included. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted adjusting for various factors. RESULTS: Out of 26,539 respondents, 20,598 (35.4% male) completed the survey. Mean age and BMI of participants were 41.5 ± 16.0 years and 24.0 ± 5.0 kg/m2, respectively. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed OSA was 4.1% and high risk of OSA was 9.5%. We found that high risk of OSA (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20, 2.47) and diabetes (aOR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.48) were associated with reporting of a COVID-19 diagnosis. High risk for OSA (aOR 2.11, 95% CI: 1.10-4.01), being male (aOR: 2.82, 95% CI: 1.55-5.12), having diabetes (aOR: 3.93, 95% CI: 1.70-9.12), and having depression (aOR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.15-4.77) were associated with increased risk of hospitalization or ICU treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Participants at high risk of OSA had increased odds of having COVID-19 and were two times more likely to be hospitalized or treated in ICU.